concept

Confirmation Bias

The tendency to search for, interpret, and remember information that confirms what you already believe — and ignore the rest.

Origin

Studied systematically since the 1960s by psychologist Peter Wason, whose '2-4-6' experiment showed people testing rules by looking only for confirmations. It is a cognitive bias (a feature of human reasoning) rather than a logical fallacy in the strict sense, but it lives in the same conversational neighborhood. Daniel Kahneman's Thinking, Fast and Slow (2011) brought it firmly into the mainstream.

Modern usage

Ordinary English vocabulary now: 'confirmation bias' is the standard explanation for everything from political polarization to bad medical decisions to the news you read. Search engines and recommendation algorithms are accused of amplifying it. 'I'm aware of my confirmation bias' is itself a humble-brag.

Tags

cognitive-bias
psychology
kahneman

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